Let's discuss about Sessions of Parliament - Summoning, Adjournment, Adjournment Sine
Die, Prorogation and Dissolution. We will understand about:
a) Difference between a Session of Parliament, Sitting and Meeting
b) Difference between Summoning, Adjournment, Prorogation and
Dissolution
c) Difference between Adjournment and Adjournment Sine
die
What does SUMMONING of Parliament mean?
Summoning of Parliament means an official order issued by the President which requires all the members of Parliament to meet from time to time.
a) Who summons the meeting of Parliament?
President summons each House of the Parliament to meet from time to time.
b) Who summons the joint session of Parliament?
The joint session of Parliament is summoned by the President and is presided over by the Speaker of Lok Sabha.
c) What is the maximum gap between two sessions of parliament?
The maximum gap between two sessions of Parliament can be 6 months.
d) How many times Parliament meet in a year?
Parliament must meet atleast twice a year.
e) How many sessions of the Parliament are held in a year?
There are three sessions of Parliament held in a year:
- Budget Session (Feb-May)
- Monsoon Session (July-Sep)
- Winter Session (Nov-Dec)
f) What is the difference between a Session, Sitting and Meeting in Parliament?
- What is a Session of Parliament?
A Session is the period which starts when President summons the Parliament to meet and ends when Parliament is prorogued by the President upon completion of business of the house. Thus, a Session of the Parliament is the time frame within which Parliament conducts its business.
- What is a Meeting of Parliament?
A session consists of several MEETINGS when each House of Parliament meets to conduct its business.
- What is a Sitting of Parliament?
A meeting consist of two sittings:
i) Morning: 11AM to 1 PM
ii) Post-Lunch: 2 PM to 6 PM
A sitting is adjourned by the Presiding officer of the House for a specified time period.
- What is a Recess?
The time period between the prorogation of the house and its reassembly in the new session is called Recess.
What does ADJOURNMENT mean?
An Adjournment terminates a sitting of the House for a given time period and the House meets again at the time appointed for the next sitting.
Thus, Adjournment suspends the work of the House in a sitting for a specified time which can be for hours, few days or several weeks.
a) Who has the power to Adjourn a House of Parliament?
The Presiding officer of House of Parliament has the power to adjourn the house.
Thus, Lok Sabha is adjourned by the Speaker of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha is adjourned by the Vice President of India.
What does ADJOURNMENT SINE DIE mean?
An Adjournment Sine Dine terminates a sitting of the House for an indefinite period.
Thus, the House of Parliament is adjournment without declaring the day of reassembly.
The Presiding officer of House declares House of Parliament to be adjourned sine dine when business of the house completes.
What does PROROGATION of Parliament mean?
When the business of the House of Parliament completes for the session, the house is adjourned sine die and then President within next few days calls for prorogation of the session i.e., terminates a session.
a) Who prorogues the House of Parliament?
President of India prorogues the house of Parliament.
b) What happens to the bills when a House of Parliament is prorogued?
The status of bills remains the same when a house of Parliament is prorogued but all the notices pending before the house lapses.
What does it mean to DISSOLVE Parliament?
a) Only Lok Sabha can be dissolved by the President under following conditions:
· Lok Sabha completes its term of 5 years
· Motion of No-confidence is passed by the House against present Government even before the term of government expires.
b) Can President dissolve the Rajya Sabha?
No, Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved by the President of India as Rajya Sabha is a permanent house and one-third of its members retire every 2 years. Also, a no-confidence motion cannot be passed against the Rajya Sabha.
c) What happens when President dissolves the Lok Sabha?
When President dissolves the Lok Sabha, it ends the very life of Lok Sabha and a new House is constituted after the fresh General Elections are held.
d) What happens to the bills when Lok Sabha is dissolved?
When Lok Sabha is dissolved all the bills, notices, motions, resolutions and petitions pending before the house lapses.
Note:
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